The Center for Conservation and Biological Resources Studies has successfully held a national webinar with the theme Land Conservation: Importance & Practices.

According to Bayu Kurniawan, S.Sc., M.Sc as Chair of the Center for Conservation and Biological Resources Studies, the biggest challenge in conservation efforts is from several concepts that he quoted from the journal Global Ecology and Conservation which was published in July 2022.

Along with the national development in all fields, land degradation and fragmentation is also growing rapidly and increasingly threatening the existing of biodiversity. An understanding of the socioecology of conservation that drives the dynamic in eight key areas of challenges and opportunities for ecosystem services:

1. Climate change,
2. Availability and quality of water,
3. Vegetation management,
4. The adaptability of wildlife populations,
5. Disease risk,
6. Human-wildlife conflict,
7. Crimes against wildlife, and
8. And in-situ and ex-situ wildlife conservation.

Another global challenge is that about 47% of the global land area is land with low productivity. Ecosystems with low production are characterized by presence of the following:

1. High evaporation,
2. Low rainfall,
3. Frequent dryness,
4. Heat waves, and
5. Low soil fertility.

Of course the discussion by these resource persons will be very interesting considering that the resource persons will be presenting research or studies on land conservation as will be presented by Mr. Dr. Agus Suyanto. (Institut Teknologi Yogyakarta) Community-Based Environmental Conservation Model; Case Study in Gunung Kidul Regency with a discussion of General Problems in the study area namely:

1. Population pressure on land (especially in growing areas) which narrows productive lands.
2. Increasing trends in land use and change, space requirements, and land conversion.
3. Increasing the use of water, while the reserve of water remains and there is a decrease in water quality.
4. Decreased Forest potential due to logging, mining, or cultivation, resulting in disruption of orohydrological functions, and overlapping of functions.
5. Increasing people's mining activities which exacerbated land damage.
6. Increased exploitation of coastal resources that are exploitative in nature, in addition to the high threat of natural hazards.

Mierta Dwangga, S.T., M.T. (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong) Environmental Conservation; Case Study in Papua in his presentation, since 2015, Papua and West Papua have declared themselves as Conservation Provinces. The wealth of endemic flora and fauna in the Land of Papua accounts for half of Indonesia's total biodiversity. At present, especially West Papua, is shifting from a Conservation Province to a Sustainable Development Province while still prioritizing the principles of Conservation.

GENERAL CONDITIONS OF PAPUA AND WEST PAPUA MANAGEMENT

1. Based on the philosophical, historical and sociological aspects, the existence of indigenous peoples’ groups in the KK is an integral part of the management of the KK in the Land of Papua. Local wisdom as strength in the management of Conservation Areas.
2. The number of human resources is not proportional to the area of the area being managed, the comparison of ASN with an area of 9 million hectares, then an ASN in Papua is responsible for 16,900 Ha. To address this gap, 490 MMP/MPA people have been recruited, so that one officer guards a forest area of 9,200 hectares.
3. Supervision and control of TSL in Papua synergizes across sectors. Especially CIQ (Custom, Immigration and Quarantine) at airports and seaports.
4. The Papuan peoples have been protecting the Conservation Area for generations because of the 3P concept in Law no. 5 of 1990 in accordance with the local wisdom of indigenous peoples.
5. Invasive species and alien species can be exploited by the public prior to scientific studies. Example: Rusa Timur is designated as a hunting animal to be used in Papua.